The connection between Brahmins and casteism in Nepal's uprising is deeply rooted in the country's historical and social structures. Legal experts suggest that the dominance of Brahmins and Chhetris (collectively known as Khas-Aryas) in Nepal's government, bureaucracy, and other institutions has fueled inequality and contributed to the unrest.¹ ² ³
Key Factors Contributing to the Uprising
- *Historical Dominance*: Brahmins (about 12% of Nepal's population) and Chhetris (16.6%) have historically held significant power, dominating key positions in government, judiciary, and administration.
- *Caste-Based Exclusion*: The caste system, rooted in Hinduism, has marginalized groups like Dalits (13%), Janajatis (37%), and Madhesis (15%), leading to economic and social disparities.
- *Economic Grievances*: High youth unemployment (around 20%) and reliance on remittances (one-third of GDP) have exacerbated frustrations among Nepal's youth.
- *Nepotism and Corruption*: Concentration of power among Khas-Aryas has promoted nepotism and corruption, further alienating marginalized communities.
Perspectives from Legal Experts
Advocate Kartik Nawayan notes that Brahmins and Chhetris, constituting about 28-30% of the population, hold 70-80% of top positions in government and bureaucracy. This systemic inequality has sparked protests, with some viewing the movement as a revolt against Brahmin dominance.
Legacy of the Shah Monarchy
The Shah monarchy (1768-2008) institutionalized caste-based discrimination through laws like the Muluki Ain (1854), reinforcing Khas-Arya dominance and marginalizing non-Khas-Arya groups. Though caste discrimination was officially abolished in 1963, social practices persist.⁴ ⁵
Ongoing Challenges
Despite constitutional quotas aiming for inclusion, implementation remains uneven, and socioeconomic barriers persist, particularly in rural areas.
*Khabar Raabta
